Economics Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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| Rules, philosophy: rules are restrictions of a domain of possibilities for subjects, communities or functionaries, or generally for acting individuals or groups. Rules may be implicit or explicit, and may be implemented by ordinance or by jointly developing equally authorized participants, e.g. in a discourse. In another sense, rules can be understood as actual regularities that can be discovered by observation. These rules can be discovered not only in action, but also in the nature of objects such as linguistic structures. See also norms, values, rule following, private language, language rules, discourse, ethics, morality, cognitivism, intuitionism, society, practice._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
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Steven Levitsky on Rules - Dictionary of Arguments
Levitsky I 120 Rules/Democracy/States/Levitsky/Ziblatt: [The written rules of democracies] work best and last longest in countries where the constitution is supplemented by unwritten rules of the game(1). These rules or norms serve as the "soft" guard rails of democracy (...). In American politics, unwritten rules are everywhere, from the functioning of the Senate and the electoral college to the format of presidential press conferences(2). But two norms are particularly important for the functioning of a democracy: mutual respect and institutional restraint. >Opposition/Policy of the United States. 1. Cf. Scott Mainwaring/Aníbal Pérez-Liñan, Democracies and Dictatorships in Latin America. Emergence, Survival, and Fall, New York 2013. 2. A classic representation of the norms or traditions of the US Senate is: Donald R. Matthews, U. S. Senators and Their World, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 1960._____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
Levitsky, Steven | ||
