Philosophy Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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| Confirmation: Confirmation in science is the process of obtaining consistent and replicable evidence that supports a hypothesis or theory through empirical observation and experimentation. Theoretical considerations can also confirm a conjecture if they are ultimately empirically based._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
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Gerhard Schurz on Confirmation - Dictionary of Arguments
I 216 Confirmation/Theory/Schurz: Problem of many confirmation theories: they are too unspecific. However, they are useful as necessary conditions for certain kinds of confirmation. 1. Hypothetical-deductive confirmation/Schurz: according to this, theories are confirmed by their true (empirical) consequences. Relativization to background assumptions is possible. >Background. Problem: paradoxes. These mostly have to do with irrelevance. Deductive confirmation: is not applicable to probabilistic hypotheses, since they have no logical but only probabilistic consequences. Strict hypotheses: Here deductive confirmation is necessary but not yet sufficient. The evidence must also include a relevant A-sample. >Probability, >Sufficiency. 2. Subjective-probabilistic confirmation/Bayes/Schurz: here there is probabilistic confirmation by increase of probability. The problems are similar to deductive confirmation. >Bayesianism. I 218 Problem: subjective arbitrariness, relevance. >Arbitrariness, >Relevance. Some authors: The fact that any non-true evidence E following from H would confirm the hypothesis H in the sense of a probability confirmation shows that already the basic axioms of probability have inductive consequences. Schurz: This is incorrect. A subjective probability function is inductive if the observation increases the probability for unobserved instances. >Subjective probability._____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
Schu I G. Schurz Einführung in die Wissenschaftstheorie Darmstadt 2006 |
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Ed. Martin Schulz, access date 2024-04-28