Lexicon of Arguments

 

I 45
Empirical equivalence: about empirical adequacy: there is a model so that all phenomena are identifiable with movements in the model (also historical, not perceived ones) - empirically equivalent: are two theories if they have both models that do that.
>Models, >Phenomena, >Truth, >Adequacy.

I 152
Relative equivalence/Fraassen: (relative to background knowledge): we recognize sodium because it has a) this spectrum
b) this atomic structure.
Asymmetry: the spectrum does not generate the atomic structure. However, there is equivalence. Yet, only one equivalence is relevant. >Asymmetry.
Equivalent propositions are true in the same possible world. >Possible worlds.
Nevertheless, we can say that some possible worlds are excluded (in which the proposition is irrelevant).
Equivalence: has indistinguishability, due to the same set of possible worlds - solution: distinction by means of making it true - e.g.
a) either it rains or it does not rain
b) ...snows or does not snow.
Difference: a) is made true by the fact that it rains,
b) by the fact that it does not snow.
Relevance of propositions depends on deeper relevances. >Relevance.