Philosophy Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
| |||
|
| |||
| Euthyphro: (goes back to Plato's homonymous dialogue) This is about the question whether something is good because it pleases the gods or whether it pleases the gods because it is good. See also projectivism, detectivism, attribution, properties, justification, circularity._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
| Author | Concept | Summary/Quotes | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|
|
P. Geach on Euthyphro - Dictionary of Arguments
I 36f Euthyphro: GeachVsSocrates: Questions of fact are not necessarily decidable. - Moral questions are not undecidable in principle. Eutyhphron: GeachVs Socrates: E.g. decisions are as important as definition. >Definition. I 38 Euthyphro/Geach: correct: (1) What is pious is loved by the gods, because it is pious. - ((s) a = b because a - (what is __ is --)). correct: (2) What is beloved by the Gods is loved by the God, because it is loved by the Gods. - ((s) b = b because b - (what is __is, __)). wrong: (3) What is beloved by the Gods is loved by the Gods because it is beloved of God. (circular). - ((s) b = b because b'(what is __, is__)). wrong: (4) What is pious is pious, because it is loved by the Gods. - (s) a = a because b (or because b'!) - (what is __ is __)). >Circular reasoning. I 39 Euthyphro/Geach: Identity/Leibniz Principle: the principle breaks in contexts which are not purely extensional. >Leibniz principle, >Extensionality. It provides opaque contexts: e.g. I beat him because he was my father (because he hit me). - The truth value can differ, although it is the same man. >Opacity, >Truth value, >Reference, >Identification. The falsity of the first sentence does not guarantee that another man is meant. False: that pious acts and humans are not the same classes as those who are loved by God. Wrong solution: John Stuart Mill: God-loved/religious: same denotation/different connotation: This distinction cannot be attributed to Plato. >Connotation, >Plato. Plato: pious: is a form - God-loved: is not a form. Wrong solution: use: explanation: active/passive: e.g. a thing is carried because someone carries it. This is wrong. Wrong: someone carries a thing because it is carried. Geach: this is true. But this cannot be attributed to Plato. I 41f Euthyphro/Geach: McTaggart: instead of "because" (causal but opaque) "in view of" (not causal). GeachVsMcTaggart: missing causality does not rule out error. I do not admire someone in terms of my own belief. - Not even gods. Geach: the attitude is already the reason, but it does not provide the property._____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
Gea I P.T. Geach Logic Matters Oxford 1972 |
||
Ed. Martin Schulz, access date 2024-04-18