Philosophy Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
| |||
|
| |||
| Meaning: Differs from the reference object (reference). The object does not have to exist for an expression to have a meaning. Words are not related to objects in a one-to-one correspondence. There is an important distinction between word meaning and sentence meaning. See also use theory, sentence meaning, reference, truth, meaning theory._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
| Author | Concept | Summary/Quotes | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|
|
H.P. Grice on Meaning - Dictionary of Arguments
I 2 ff Meaning/drawing/photography: the photo with Mr. X in an obvious position with Mrs Y did not mean anything! The drawing with the same object meant something. (>Intention). I 4 Definition meanings/Grice: "natural meaning": measles, signs and natural signs are detected, not appointed, ther are not plumbable and there is no convention. Definition meanings: meaning are non-natural. Meaning is an expression, a character, an appointment, a convention, a metaphor or unconscious regularities. >Conventions, >Metaphors, >Regularities, >Signs, >Utterances. - - - II 17 Meaning/Grice: meaning does not follow from intention: e.g. a perpetrator may leave false traces. - - - I 8 Intention needs an idea about the effect. Listener-meaning: what the other should do in my opinion, cannot deliver the meanings. Deviation needs good reasons. - - - II 36 Speaker meaning: the speaker meaning may be different for the same sentence. >Speaker meaning. - - - III 85 Quotation marks are semantically important. - - - Avramides I 2 Meaning/Grice (1957): new: Avramides: the most remarkable thing about this "new approach" is the unconscious use of the terms intention and belief. Circular: if you wanted to exclude the unwanted cases from the beginning. Prehistory: Stevenson: meaning needs constance - otherwise there is only noise. Solution: the solution are the habits of the speakers. I 4 Grice/Avramidis: Grice is more interested in understanding how utterances come to their content. Intentions need to be explained in terms of the content, not vice versa: that still leaves the question open how intentions and beliefs come to their content. I 5 Grice: in the tradition of Austin/Searle, later Wittgenstein: language must be seen in the context of behavior. I 10 Meaning/Grice/Avramides: thesis: we start with speaker meaning in one situation and provide an analysis in terms of mental states of the speaker and the listener. I 11 Fundamental: "S means in a situation that p" - thereby Grice has clarified the concept of "meaning" (to mean) sufficiently. - - - Grice III 90 Situation Meaning/Grice: the situation meaning can be expressed and meant but is still wrong. III 95 Meaning/practice/Grice: the well-known practice of the speaker is not clear for the meaning: the sentence can have other meanings. S may have other means. We need a term like "S has in its repertoire ..." - - - Newen I 77 Meaning/Grice/Newen/Schrenk: the speaker's intention is crucial. There are five steps: 1. behavior, 2. the psychological theory of needs, etc., 3. the theory of subjective utterance meanings: a) for the listener and b) for speakers, 4. the intersubjective meaning (conventional utterance meaning, VsGrice): has no theory of conventions, and 5. compositionality. >Compositionality. Newen I 80 Natural meaning/Grice: e.g. "These spots mean measles": here, there can be no mistake! Otherwise there are other spots. Communication: all meaning in communication is not natural meaning - not natural meaning: here there may be errors. - - - Schiffer I XIII Meaning/Grice: (1957)(1): expression meaning in terms of speaker-meaning is ultimately purely psychological. 1. H. P. Grice Meaning. The Philosophical Review, Vol. 66, No. 3. (Jul., 1957), pp. 377-388_____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
Grice I H. Paul Grice "Meaning", in: The Philosophical Review 66, 1957, pp. 377-388 In Handlung, Kommunikation, Bedeutung, Georg Megle, Frankfurt/M. 1993 Grice II H. Paul Grice "Utterer’s Meaning and Intentions", in: The Philosophical Review, 78, 1969 pp. 147-177 In Handlung, Kommunikation, Bedeutung, Georg Meggle, Grice III H. Paul Grice "Utterer’s Meaning, Sentence-Meaning, and Word-Meaning", in: Foundations of Language, 4, 1968, pp. 1-18 In Handlung, Kommunikation, Bedeutung, Georg Meggle, Frankfurt/M. 1979 Grice IV H. Paul Grice "Logic and Conversation", in: P. Cple/J. Morgan (eds) Syntax and Semantics, Vol 3, New York/San Francisco/London 1975 pp.41-58 In Handlung, Kommunikation, Bedeutung, Georg Meggle, Frankfurt/M. 1979 Avr I A. Avramides Meaning and Mind Boston 1989 Grice IV H. Paul Grice "Logic and Conversation", in: P. Cple/J. Morgan (eds) Syntax and Semantics, Vol 3, New York/San Francisco/London 1975 pp.41-58 In Handlung, Kommunikation, Bedeutung, Georg Meggle, Frankfurt/M. 1979 New II Albert Newen Analytische Philosophie zur Einführung Hamburg 2005 Newen I Albert Newen Markus Schrenk Einführung in die Sprachphilosophie Darmstadt 2008 |
||
Ed. Martin Schulz, access date 2024-04-19