Psychology Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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| Psychology: Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior. It encompasses human development, cognition, emotion, personality, social behavior, and mental disorders. See also Stages of Development, Social Behavior, Behavior, Personality, Personality traits, Emotion, Cognition._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
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David Chalmers on Psychology - Dictionary of Arguments
I 12 Psychology/Mind/Descartes/Chalmers: he at least assumed that everything psychological that is worthy of being dale mental has a conscious aspect. >Mind/Descartes, >Thinking/Descartes, >R. Descartes, >Aspects, >Dualism. I 359 Interestingly, Descartes often excluded sensations form the category of the mental, instead assimilating them to the bodily, so not every phenomenal state (at least as I am understanding the notion) would count as mental, either. >Sensory Impressions/Descartes. I 13 Psychology/Wilhelm Wundt/Chalmers: Wilhelm Wundt and William James had in a Cartesian way developed psychological theories using introspection to explain behaviour, making phenomenology the arbiter of psychology. They thereby denied psychology as an autonomous domain. >W. Wundt, >W. James. I 16 Psychology/Chalmers: I had assigned them to the functional side of the explanation of consciousness. This is where functionalism comes into play. >Third-person aspects, > Behavior, >Functionalism. Phenomenology: On the other hand, there is the phenomenology that deals with the qualities (Qualia): how does consciousness feel, and why is there a way in which consciousness (not self-consciousness) feels. >First person, >Phenomenology, >Qualia, >Experience, >Knowledge how. Both sides cannot simply be equated by stipulation. I 21 Psychology/Explanation/Mind/Qualia/Chalmers: there are no superordinate terms above the separation of the aspects of psychology and phenomenology (behavior and qualia). There seems to be nothing mental, which could be varied independently, if psychological, phenomenal and relational properties are fixed. (Chalmers I 360 Kripke: (1982)(1) Thesis: the content of beliefs is not determined by psychological and phenomenal properties. ChalmersVs: that is controversial, but that does not mean that the content is something irreducible). I 22 Psychological/phenomenal: both aspects seem to always appear together. I 220 Psychology/Consciousness/Chalmers: we had called the psychological side of consciousness awareness. There is a strong coherence between consciousness and awareness. >Awareness/Chalmers, >Consciousness/Chalmers. I 221 Problem: there may be some kinds of awarenesses (psychological) which are not based on corresponding experiences (phenomenal). E.g. I am aware of who is President without connecting an experience with it. Cf. >Knowledge. 1. S. A. Kripke, Wittgenstein on Rule-Following and Private Language, Cambridge 1982_____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
Cha I D. Chalmers The Conscious Mind Oxford New York 1996 Cha II D. Chalmers Constructing the World Oxford 2014 |
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