Psychology Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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| Universals: Universals are expressions for what objects can have in common, such as a particular color. Examples of universals are redness, roundness, value. The ontological status of universals as something independent of thought - that is, their existence - is controversial. What is undisputed is that we form terms to generalize and use them successfully. See also General terms, Generality, Generalization, Ontology, Existence, Conceptual realism, Realism, Ideas, Methexis, Sortals, Conceptualism, Nominalism._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
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Stephen Schiffer on Universals - Dictionary of Arguments
I 237 Properties/universals/reference/Schiffer: "modesty" and "red" refer to nothing. >Reference, >Generality. N.B.: therefore the grammatical singular terms need no reference. >Singular terms. Then no compositional semantics is needed. >Compositionality. Understanding of the sentence "Teresa is modest" needs no acquaintance with humility. Logical form by E.g. "Modesty is a virtue": not more fine-grained than "P". >Fine-grained/coarse-grained. That -clause: has no referent. >That-clauses. A grammatical singular term does not have to be a logically a singular expression._____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
Schi I St. Schiffer Remnants of Meaning Cambridge 1987 |
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> Counter arguments against Schiffer
> Counter arguments in relation to Universals
