Psychology Dictionary of Arguments

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Transcendental, philosophy: The concept of the transcendental goes back to Kant and concerns the effort to deal with the conditions of knowledge in contrast to the mere acceptance or acceptance of experiences and sensory perceptions. See also epistemology, perception, experience, ultimate justification, verification, confirmation, possibility, contingency, a priori.
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Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments.

 
Author Concept Summary/Quotes Sources

Immanuel Kant on Transcendentals - Dictionary of Arguments

I 81f
Transcendental Knowledge/Kant: ("knowledge a priori") conditions of possibility of knowledge - can be guaranteed only by mathematization of the given of intuitions. - Criterion for science.
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Strawson V 19ff
Transcendental Analytics/Kant:
1. Experience: order
2. unit in the same order as required for the awareness (Thesis of the unity of consciousness)
3. experience of objects is distinguishable of experience of what about the case is, so that judgments are also possibly independent of the subjective experience (objectivity thesis)
4. objects are substantially spatially
5. a uniform spatiotemporal system is necessary
6. Physical objects: need certain principles of perseverance and causality (theses of analogies).
>Experience/Kant
, >Analogies/Kant, >Principles/Kant.
V 74 f
Transcendental Deduction/Kant/Strawson: premise: experience includes a manifold that is suitable for being united somehow in uniform judgments.
>Judgment/Kant.
V 75
StrawsonVs: the "pure" terms have no necessary application on the experience.
V 134
Transcendental Ideas/Kant: 1. absolute unity of the subject, 2. the conditions of phenomena, 3. the conditions of objects.
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Stroud I 153
Transcendental/Kant/Stroud: transcendental are the things independent of us, albeit every sense impression is dependent on us. - Difference: transcendent: claims an otherworldly realm of experience - transcendental/Kant: is a theory, if it has to do with the general conditions of our knowledge of things independent of experience. - This is a condition of empirical knowledge at all. - These conditions cannot be known empirically themselves - (but a priori). - Experience/Kant: shows that a thing is so and so, but not that it cannot be different.
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Stroud I 162
Def transcendental realism/Kant: sees the external things as something seperated from the senses - KantVs: that leads to empirical idealism.
Problem: we are aware of our representations, but do not know whether they correspond with something that exists.
>Thing in itself/Kant.
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Adorno XIII 13
Transcendental/Kant/Adorno: in Kant, the concept of the transcendental is, in the first place, nothing other than the epitome of all the investigations which refer to synthetic judgments a priori.
>Synthetic judgments a priori.

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Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments
The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition.
I. Kant
I Günter Schulte Kant Einführung (Campus) Frankfurt 1994
Externe Quellen. ZEIT-Artikel 11/02 (Ludger Heidbrink über Rawls)
Volker Gerhard "Die Frucht der Freiheit" Plädoyer für die Stammzellforschung ZEIT 27.11.03
Strawson I
Peter F. Strawson
Individuals: An Essay in Descriptive Metaphysics. London 1959
German Edition:
Einzelding und logisches Subjekt Stuttgart 1972

Strawson II
Peter F. Strawson
"Truth", Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Suppl. Vol XXIV, 1950 - dt. P. F. Strawson, "Wahrheit",
In
Wahrheitstheorien, Gunnar Skirbekk, Frankfurt/M. 1977

Strawson III
Peter F. Strawson
"On Understanding the Structure of One’s Language"
In
Truth and Meaning, G. Evans/J. McDowell, Oxford 1976

Strawson IV
Peter F. Strawson
Analysis and Metaphysics. An Introduction to Philosophy, Oxford 1992
German Edition:
Analyse und Metaphysik München 1994

Strawson V
P.F. Strawson
The Bounds of Sense: An Essay on Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason. London 1966
German Edition:
Die Grenzen des Sinns Frankfurt 1981

Strawson VI
Peter F Strawson
Grammar and Philosophy in: Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Vol 70, 1969/70 pp. 1-20
In
Linguistik und Philosophie, G. Grewendorf/G. Meggle, Frankfurt/M. 1974/1995

Strawson VII
Peter F Strawson
"On Referring", in: Mind 59 (1950)
In
Eigennamen, Ursula Wolf, Frankfurt/M. 1993

Stroud I
B. Stroud
The Significance of philosophical scepticism Oxford 1984

A I
Th. W. Adorno
Max Horkheimer
Dialektik der Aufklärung Frankfurt 1978

A II
Theodor W. Adorno
Negative Dialektik Frankfurt/M. 2000

A III
Theodor W. Adorno
Ästhetische Theorie Frankfurt/M. 1973

A IV
Theodor W. Adorno
Minima Moralia Frankfurt/M. 2003

A V
Theodor W. Adorno
Philosophie der neuen Musik Frankfurt/M. 1995

A VI
Theodor W. Adorno
Gesammelte Schriften, Band 5: Zur Metakritik der Erkenntnistheorie. Drei Studien zu Hegel Frankfurt/M. 1071

A VII
Theodor W. Adorno
Noten zur Literatur (I - IV) Frankfurt/M. 2002

A VIII
Theodor W. Adorno
Gesammelte Schriften in 20 Bänden: Band 2: Kierkegaard. Konstruktion des Ästhetischen Frankfurt/M. 2003

A IX
Theodor W. Adorno
Gesammelte Schriften in 20 Bänden: Band 8: Soziologische Schriften I Frankfurt/M. 2003

A XI
Theodor W. Adorno
Über Walter Benjamin Frankfurt/M. 1990

A XII
Theodor W. Adorno
Philosophische Terminologie Bd. 1 Frankfurt/M. 1973

A XIII
Theodor W. Adorno
Philosophische Terminologie Bd. 2 Frankfurt/M. 1974


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