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Psychology Dictionary of Arguments

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Negation, philosophy, logic: negation of a sentence. In logic, this is done by prefixing the negation symbol. Colloquially expressed by the word "not", which can be at different positions in the sentence. If the negation refers only to one sentence part, this must be made clear by the position, e.g. a predicate can be denied without negating the whole sentence. In logic, therefore, inner and outer negation is distinguished by the use of different symbols.
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Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments.

 
Author Concept Summary/Quotes Sources

Peter Geach on Negation - Dictionary of Arguments

I 16ff
Negation/Geach: the problem with compound expressions is always the negation (with "all", "some").
>All/Geach
, >Each/every/Geach, >Sentences, >Quantification, cf. >Someone/Geach.
I, 45ff
Negation/Geach: in the subject-predicate-sentence: negation is only possible from the predicate, not from the subject.
Modernity: quantification: also the negation of "there is" is possible.
New: also subject negation is possible: E.g. "not everyone is ..."
I 75
Negation/Russell: cannot be applied as a primitive term to propositions, therefore: All x are F: Negation: some x are not F ".
Negation: not via a sentence: "Do not open the door" is on the same level as "Open the door".
Negation is not "logical secondary".
>Negation/Frege, >Thought/Frege.
Asymmetry: only with identifying predicates: e.g. the same man/not the same man - subject negation: "not everyone is ..." - predicate negation: Socrates is not ... ".
Negation is not parasitic to affirmation. - There is no added meaning. - Otherwise there would be a summation with double negation.
>Double negation.
I 260
Negation/assertion/Geach: propositions can be put forward without asserting them. For example, "p > q" therefore we need a negation which is not polar to the assertion.
>Proposition, >Assertion.

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Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments
The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition.

Gea I
P.T. Geach
Logic Matters Oxford 1972


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