Psychology Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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| Logical constants: logical constants are also called logical particles or connectives, they are e.g. “and”; “or”; “if”; “then”; “not”. The expression constant is used, because the meaning of the logical links cannot change also in the translation into other languages, but always remains. For example, if one was to try to replace "and" with "or" in the case of a translation, mistakes would arise which could be determined, even if the vocabulary of the foreign language is not entirely known._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
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Gareth Evans on Logical Constants - Dictionary of Arguments
II 199 Logical constants/Evans: logical constants must be identifiable by comparing conclusions: for example, from "John knows that snow is white" is concluded without logical constants (truth follows from knowledge). - But e.g. from "John is a tall man" to "John is a man" via constants (here "and"). II 203 "And": semantic property: it forms truths if and only if it connects truths. II 209 Evans: conclusion without constants: from knowledge to truth! - Despite the same semantic structure, these are other inferences with knowledge than with belief. II 214 And/or/Evans: For example, "P and Q" and "P or Q" have the same semantic structure. - The fact that the former contains P is due to the special variation of the word "and" that it plays in a theme that has it in common with "or". Strawson: if any pair of non-synonymous terms reveal the same type or category, then it should be "and" and "or", or "all" and "some". Evans: intuitionistic sentence connections "and"/"or" cannot be regarded as truth functions. II 216 Constants/Quine: constants rise in the construction._____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
EMD II G. Evans/J. McDowell Truth and Meaning Oxford 1977 Evans I Gareth Evans "The Causal Theory of Names", in: Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Suppl. Vol. 47 (1973) 187-208 In Eigennamen, Ursula Wolf, Frankfurt/M. 1993 Evans II Gareth Evans "Semantic Structure and Logical Form" In Truth and Meaning, G. Evans/J. McDowell, Oxford 1976 Evans III G. Evans The Varieties of Reference (Clarendon Paperbacks) Oxford 1989 |
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> Counter arguments against Evans
> Counter arguments in relation to Logical Constants
