Psychology Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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| Criteria: Criteria do not follow from a definition but must be developed. The criteria for the application of a concept to an object are more concerned with language practice in a community. E.g. the definition of truth does not provide a criterion for which sentences are true._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
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Ludwig Wittgenstein on Criteria - Dictionary of Arguments
Metzinger II 720 Criterion/Wittgenstein: good reasons for a hypothesis - not logically linked to the concept in question - only in the weaker sense of the language community - Symptom: empirical correlate to the criterion" behavior: not necessary for the presence of internal states - but for their attribution. >Attribution, >Symptoms. Metzinger II 726 Criterion: can be behavior - but symptom: must be something physiological. >Behavior. Metzinger II 720 Concept/Attribution Criteria/Wittgenstein: belong to the concept - E.g. pain: not only what it is in itself, but also function in our lives. - N.B.: then artificial intelligence is logically impossible for Wittgenstein, because we only attribute the concept to humans. >Concepts, >Pain. --- Hintikka I 262 Criterion/Criteria/Wittgenstein/Hintikka: middle period: rule and criterion come together here - the concept of the criterion becomes important in late Wittgenstein. - At the same time, the rules stand back - middle period: rule and criterion come together here. - N.B.: criteria are nothing more than conventions - e.g. that someone with a toothache cups his cheek. - They are the hard rock of the expression toothache. - I do not identify my sensations by criteria, though. >Rules. Hintikka I 266 Criterion/Wittgenstein/Hintikka: late: new meaning of criterion: the entire language game is the only criterion for the use of the word - the criterion depends on the language game. - Just as there is no independent calculus of language - "there is no criterion for pain" - new: therefore also no longer the conventional cheek-cupping when you have a toothache - rule-following is not based on criteria. >Rule following. I 269 Late: behavior is not a criterion. I 269 We do not detect whether someone made a slip of the tongue by rules, but this is a separate language game. I 370 Belief/Criterion/Propositional Attitudes/Private Experiences/Wittgenstein/Hintikka: when Wittgenstein says: "an internal process requires external criteria", he does not refer to any internal processes or private experiences - but propositional attitudes such as beliefs, etc. - they need not be identified by a special feeling. - E.g. "I hope he'll come" is not a report on a state of mind - quite unlike sensations - different: "I always think of his coming": state of mind. - Propositional attitudes need criteria, because they do not include private experiences. >Propositional attitudes, >States of mind. --- Wittgenstein II 115 Understanding/Criterion/Wittgenstein: the criterion of understanding is that we can explain the sentence before we know whether it is true or false._____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
W II L. Wittgenstein Wittgenstein’s Lectures 1930-32, from the notes of John King and Desmond Lee, Oxford 1980 German Edition: Vorlesungen 1930-35 Frankfurt 1989 W III L. Wittgenstein The Blue and Brown Books (BB), Oxford 1958 German Edition: Das Blaue Buch - Eine Philosophische Betrachtung Frankfurt 1984 W IV L. Wittgenstein Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (TLP), 1922, C.K. Ogden (trans.), London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. Originally published as “Logisch-Philosophische Abhandlung”, in Annalen der Naturphilosophische, XIV (3/4), 1921. German Edition: Tractatus logico-philosophicus Frankfurt/M 1960 Metz I Th. Metzinger (Hrsg.) Bewusstsein Paderborn 1996 Metz I Th. Metzinger (Hrsg.) Bewusstsein Paderborn 1996 Hintikka I Jaakko Hintikka Merrill B. Hintikka Investigating Wittgenstein German Edition: Untersuchungen zu Wittgenstein Frankfurt 1996 Hintikka II Jaakko Hintikka Merrill B. Hintikka The Logic of Epistemology and the Epistemology of Logic Dordrecht 1989 W IV L. Wittgenstein Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (TLP), 1922, C.K. Ogden (trans.), London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. Originally published as “Logisch-Philosophische Abhandlung”, in Annalen der Naturphilosophische, XIV (3/4), 1921. German Edition: Tractatus logico-philosophicus Frankfurt/M 1960 |
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> Counter arguments against Wittgenstein
> Counter arguments in relation to Criteria
