Psychology Dictionary of Arguments

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Information, information theory: A character or a character combination contains information when it is clear to the recipient that this character or the character combination appears instead of another possible character or a possible character combination. The supply of possible characters determines to a part the probability of the occurrence of a character from this supply. In addition, the expected probability of the appearance of a character can be increased by already experienced experiences of regularities. The amount of information transmitted by a character depends on the improbability of the occurrence of the character.
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Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments.

 
Author Concept Summary/Quotes Sources

Niklas Luhmann on Information - Dictionary of Arguments

Reese-Schäfer II 31
Definition information/Luhmann/Reese-Schäfer: nothing but an event that causes a combination of differences.
Reese-Schäfer II 38
Def Information/Luhmann/Reese-Schäfer: event, that selects system states. Information reserves its meaning in the repetition, but loses the information value. - The event disappears.
>Event/Luhmann
, >Communication.
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AU Cass 6
Information/Luhmann: there is no "genetical" information, because the genes only contain structures, not events.
Information/Luhmann: is selection of alternatives. - This presupposes that one defines a possibility range against others.
Information is only within systems - also the possibilities only exist in the system. - Not in the environment.
>System/Luhmann, >Environment/Talcott Parsons.
Time/information: time plays a role because the information disappears whith acquaintance. - Information is not transmitted. - ((s) because it is an event.)
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AU Cass 13
Definition information/Maturana/Luhmann: Vs genetic information: Information is always a moment of communication, only within a system.
It works as an information when it comes to finding the next operation - ((s) not circular: - "A works as A, when ...".)
Information: is not "data"; that would be "transmission theory".
Two aspects:
1st from which is selected
2nd this and nothing else is selected.
Only within a system information is possible. - The system determines what information is: e.g.
Socialist system, planned economy: only performance is an information.
Capitalist system: in capitalist systems unemployment numbers are no information.
Communication/Luhmann: no information without communication. - But communication may repeat itself, information does not.
Understanding: does not exist outside communication.
>Communication/Luhmann, >System/Luhmann, >Operation/Luhmann.

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Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments
The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition.

AU I
N. Luhmann
Introduction to Systems Theory, Lectures Universität Bielefeld 1991/1992
German Edition:
Einführung in die Systemtheorie Heidelberg 1992

Lu I
N. Luhmann
Die Kunst der Gesellschaft Frankfurt 1997

Reese-Schäfer II
Walter Reese-Schäfer
Luhmann zur Einführung Hamburg 2001


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