Psychology Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
| |||
|
| |||
| Induction: Induction in logic is a type of reasoning in which we draw general conclusions from specific observations. It is the opposite of deductive reasoning, where we draw specific conclusions from general premises. See also Deduction, Grue, Generalization, Generality, Conclusions._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
| Author | Concept | Summary/Quotes | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Nelson Goodman on Induction - Dictionary of Arguments
I 23 Defi Induction/Goodman: induction requires that some classes are seen as relevant classes by excluding others. >Relevance. --- II 82 The sharpest criticism VsHume/Goodman: Hume's analysis relates at best to the origin of predictions, not to their entitlement. II 88 The problem of induction is not a problem of proof, but a problem of definition of the difference between justified and unjustified predictions. >Justification, >Prediction. II 89 There is mutual adjustment between definition and language use. II 101f Grue/Goodman: problem: the same data supports contrasting predictions. Question: in what essential property must hypotheses be the same > law: are not in connection with e.g. an object in my pocket. "Grue" does not work as a conventional non-law-like hypotheses (it is limited in space or time) - one can reverse the derivation: red and green from gred and reen. II 109 Law-like or resumable hypotheses are not to be characterized purely syntactically. II 95 What confirms certain data, is not what is obtained by generalization of separate individual cases, but that which is obtained by generalization of the entire body of data material._____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
G IV N. Goodman Catherine Z. Elgin Reconceptions in Philosophy and Other Arts and Sciences, Indianapolis 1988 German Edition: Revisionen Frankfurt 1989 Goodman I N. Goodman Ways of Worldmaking, Indianapolis/Cambridge 1978 German Edition: Weisen der Welterzeugung Frankfurt 1984 Goodman II N. Goodman Fact, Fiction and Forecast, New York 1982 German Edition: Tatsache Fiktion Voraussage Frankfurt 1988 Goodman III N. Goodman Languages of Art. An Approach to a Theory of Symbols, Indianapolis 1976 German Edition: Sprachen der Kunst Frankfurt 1997 |
||
