Psychology Dictionary of Arguments

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Emotions: A. philosophy of mind is usually defined by examples such as joy, fear, anger in order to distinguish it from other internal states. It is controversial whether emotions are triggered solely by external circumstances. See also sensations, perception, mental states, mind states, consciousness, stimuli, introspection, other minds. B. In psychology, emotion is a complex, subjective experience characterized by physiological arousal, expressive behaviors, and a cognitive appraisal. Emotions influence mood, motivate behavior, and play a crucial role in social interactions.
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Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments.

 
Author Concept Summary/Quotes Sources

Chad Forbes on Emotions - Dictionary of Arguments

Haslam I 252
Emotion/stereotype threat/Forbes/Schmader: (…) stereotype threat also increases emotion regulation efforts as the person attempts to push negative thoughts and feelings out of mind (Johns et al., 2008(1); Logel et al., 2009(2); Schmader et al., 2009(3); Wraga et al., 2007(4)). If individuals’ experience of anxiety is normalized so that it is not interpreted as a sign of failure, this tendency to suppress anxiety under stereotype threat is reduced and performance improves (Johns et al., 2005(5); Johns et al., 2008(6)).
>Method/Forbes/Schmader.

1. Johns, M., Inzucht, M. and Schmader, T. (2008) Stereotype threat and executive resource depletion: Examining the influence of emotion regulation’, Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 137: 691—705.
2. Logel, C., Walton, G.M., Spencer, S.J., Iserman, E.C., von Hippel, W. and Bell, A.E. (2009) ‘Interacting with sexist men triggers social identity threat among female engineers’, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 96: 1089—113.
3. Schmader, T., Forbes, C.E., Zhang, S. and Mendes, W.B. (2009) ‘A metacognitive perspective on the cognitive deficits experienced in intellectually threatening environments’, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 35: 584—96.
4. Wraga, M., Helt, M., Jacobs, E. and Sullivan, K. (2007) ‘Neural basis of stereotype-induced shifts in women’s mental rotation performance’, Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 2: 12—19.
5. Johns, M., Schmader, T. and Martens, A. (2005) ‘Knowing is half the battle: Teaching stereotype threat as a means of improving women’s math performance’, Psychological Science, 16: 175—79.
6. Johns, M., Inzucht, M. and Schmader, T. (2008) Stereotype threat and executive resource depletion: Examining the influence of emotion regulation’, Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 137:691—705.

Toni Schmader and Chad Forbes, “Stereotypes and Performance. Revisiting Steele and Aronson’s stereotypes threat experiments”, in: Joanne R. Smith and S. Alexander Haslam (eds.) 2017. Social Psychology. Revisiting the Classic Studies. London: Sage Publications


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Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments
The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition.
Forbes, H. Donald
Haslam I
S. Alexander Haslam
Joanne R. Smith
Social Psychology. Revisiting the Classic Studies London 2017


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