Psychology Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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| Stereotypes: A stereotype is a widely held but fixed and simplified image or idea of a particular type of thing, that represents a typical member of a category. See also Prototypes, Conceptual space, Generaliy, Generalization, Type/Token, Categories, Categorization._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
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Craig McGarty on Stereotypes - Dictionary of Arguments
Haslam I 239 Stereotypes/McGartyVsTradition/McGarty: McGarty et al. 1993(1) thesis: stereotypes are not rigid, simplifying, and negative distortions of reality but in fact are impressions of groups that would tend to be as flexible, complex, positive, and accurate as they needed to be, in order to reflect the requirement of the perceivers who formed them to adapt to and interact with the environment they confront. >Cognitive biases, >Prejudice, >Discrimination, >Racism, >Rationality. E.g., during the Second World War we might expect Jews to have a rigid, straightforward, and negative view of members of the SS (just as the SS had similar views about Jews), but that does not mean that the views of Jews about the SS were inaccurate simply because they were stereotypes (see Oakes et al., 1994)(2). In particular, the stereotype of the SS as being homogeneously and constantly evil was an accurate and functional view for Jews to have about the members of the SS at that time. Cognitions, behaviours and stereotypes, however, also need to be able to change because, unless they can, people could never respond to a changing world and could never reach consensus (McGarty, 1999)(3). Social behavior: without these things meaningful social behaviour would be impossible (because, among other things, it would rule out the possibility of social cooperation and social change). >Social behavior, >Behavior, >Simplification. 1. McGarty, C., Haslam, S.A., Turner, J.C. and Oakes, P.J. (1993) ‘Illusory correlation as accentuation of actual intercategory difference: Evidence for the effect with minimal stimulus information’, European Journal of Social Psychology, 23: 391–410. 2. Oakes, P.J., Haslam, S.A. and Turner, J.C. (1994) Stereotyping and Social Reality. Oxford: Blackwell. 3. McGarty, C. (1999) Categorization in Social Psychology. London: Sage. Craig McGarty, „Stereotype Formation. Revisiting Hamilton and Gifford’s illusory correlation studies“, in: Joanne R. Smith and S. Alexander Haslam (eds.) 2017. Social Psychology. Revisiting the Classic studies. London: Sage Publications_____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
McGarty, Craig Haslam I S. Alexander Haslam Joanne R. Smith Social Psychology. Revisiting the Classic Studies London 2017 |
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