Psychology Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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| Ethics, philosophy: ethics is concerned with the evaluation and justification of actions and ultimately a justification of morality. See also good, values, norms, actions, deontology, deontic logic, consequentialism, morals, motives, reasons, action theory._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
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David Hume on Ethics - Dictionary of Arguments
Stegmüller IV 167 Ethics/Hume: thesis: no feature can be seen in the actions themselves, which would make it possible to distinguish whether they are justified or not. >Actions. Cf. >Ethics/Harman. Stegmüller: but one can even find prescriptive passages in Hume. IV 243 Ethics/morality/Hume: thesis: 1. Facing scarce resources, people must cooperate in order to survive. >Life. 2. HumeVsHobbes: all humans own sympathy - would everything be available in abundance, of course, respect to other people's property would be superfluous. >Sympathy/Hume, >Sympathy.- IV 245 The key driving force is self-interest. IV 247 Ethics/morality/Hume: e.g. the two rowers: 1. Pure coordination problem. 2. No one wants to make an effort. Stabilization of cooperation: 1. only artificial virtue is assumed, 2. there is no verbal communication and 3. only rational egoism. E.g. help at the harvest: the first helps the other. Then then there is a time lag: the second does not help the other -> free riders problem -> sanctions. IV 283 Reason/morals/ethics/Hume/Stegmüller: reason can never be the motive for or against an action. >Reason/Hume, >Actions, >Reasons. Passions and preferences are logically independent of conclusions. Yet, there are practical-rational preferences. Mackie: also dispassion does not allow a clear view on things. >Ethics/Mackie. --- Stuhlmann I 64 Ethics/Hume: at its reason moral statements are always required. >Morals._____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
D. Hume I Gilles Delueze David Hume, Frankfurt 1997 (Frankreich 1953,1988) II Norbert Hoerster Hume: Existenz und Eigenschaften Gottes aus Speck(Hg) Grundprobleme der großen Philosophen der Neuzeit I Göttingen, 1997 Carnap V W. Stegmüller Rudolf Carnap und der Wiener Kreis In Hauptströmungen der Gegenwartsphilosophie Bd I, , München 1987 St I W. Stegmüller Hauptströmungen der Gegenwartsphilosophie Bd I Stuttgart 1989 St II W. Stegmüller Hauptströmungen der Gegenwartsphilosophie Bd 2 Stuttgart 1987 St III W. Stegmüller Hauptströmungen der Gegenwartsphilosophie Bd 3 Stuttgart 1987 St IV W. Stegmüller Hauptströmungen der Gegenwartsphilosophie Bd 4 Stuttgart 1989 |
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