Psychology Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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| Command: linguistic expression of an instruction to act. The command has the form of a non-descriptive sentence. It can not be true or false._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
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Arthur N. Prior on Commands - Dictionary of Arguments
I 66 Command/Relation/Brackets/Prior: we can eliminate the misconception that a command is a relation between a commanding person and something that is commanded through the right brackets. Instead of "X commands us/to close the door" ""X commands us to/"door close"" where "commands us to" is not a two-digit predicate, but rather an operator which forms a sentence from a name on one side, and an imperative sentence on the other. >Operators, >Predicates. I 66 Imperatives/Prior: cannot be treated like indicatives. >Sentences, >Statements. I 69 Command/Prior: E.g. "There are commands that have never been voiced and will never be voiced". Command/Prior: "you schould have closed the door before": the past tense does not relate to the content, absurd. "I closed the door before...". Negation of a command/Prior: two options: a) "!not-p": "see to it that p does not happen" b) "not(!p) "something like: "you need not worry about it". E.g. "Do something" can have two forms: a) "for some p, see to it that p" b) "see to it that (for some p, p)" that is probably not equivalent! E.g. "Make sure that 2 + 2 = 4" is absurd, because commands always serve to bring about facts that do not exist yet. >Facts. Therefore, an instruction cannot be made true like a fact, namely by something that had been the case earlier. - Therefore, objectivity of ethics compromised. >Truthmakers, >Objectivity, >Ethics._____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
Pri I A. Prior Objects of thought Oxford 1971 Pri II Arthur N. Prior Papers on Time and Tense 2nd Edition Oxford 2003 |
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