Psychology Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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| Categories: categories are basic concepts for classifying the objects of a knowledge domain into different groups or hierarchies. In philosophy, the category systems of different authors can differ considerably. Concepts which are not suitable for classifying are transcendentals, e.g. the concept of similarity. However, these concepts are again applicable to categorized objects._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
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Yehoshua Bar-Hillel on Categories - Dictionary of Arguments
Lyons I 231 Complex categories/Categorial Grammar/Bar-Hillel/Lyons: For example, Adverbs: are expressed by two such fractions one above the other, with an arrow pointing to the left between them. ∑ ‹ n. ‹ ∑ ‹ n. I 232 Discontinuous/interrupted constituents: (see above: example: call up) cannot be treated with this. Notation: instead of fractions we write: E.g. Verb run (∑n <) E.g. Adjective poor (nn ›) E.g. Adverb away {(∑n ‹)(∑n ‹) ‹‹}. Category Analysis/Constituent Structure: example Poor John ran away (nn ›) . n . (∑n ‹) {(∑n ‹)(∑n ‹) ‹‹}. Shortening: on this level there are three possibilities;: a) shorten poor with John b) John with ran c) ran with away E.g. b) (nn ›) . ∑. (∑n <) {(∑n ‹)(∑n ‹) ‹‹}. I 233 a) here we get on the next level: (nn ›) . (∑n ‹) . (∑n ‹) {(∑n ‹)(∑n ‹) ‹‹}. Then there are two ways to analyze the sentence without rest, we have to shorten ran with away, so (2) n . (∑n ‹) and finally (3) ∑. Thereby, the order is not important. >Grammar, >Categorical Grammar, cf. >Transformational Grammar, >Universal Grammar, >Phrase structure grammar._____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
Bar-Hillel I Yehoshua Bar-Hillel Aspects of Language: Essays and Lectures on Philosophy of Language, Linguistic Philosophy and Methodology of Linguistics Jerusaelm 1970 Ly II John Lyons Semantics Cambridge, MA 1977 Lyons I John Lyons Introduction to Theoretical Lingustics, Cambridge/MA 1968 German Edition: Einführung in die moderne Linguistik München 1995 |
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