Economics Dictionary of Arguments

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Problems: A problem is a negative situation that requires attention and effort to resolve. It can be a challenge, obstacle, or difficulty that prevents someone from achieving their goal. See also Problem solving, Goals, Thinking, Cognition.
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Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments.

 
Author Concept Summary/Quotes Sources

Hans-Georg Gadamer on Problems - Dictionary of Arguments

I 381
Problem/Gadamer: The logic of question and answer that Collingwood develops puts an end to the talk of the permanent problem that underlies the relationship of the "Oxford Realists" to the classics of philosophy, and also to the concept of problem history that Neo-Kantianism developed. >Question/Answer/Collingwood
, >Problem History/Neo-Kantianism.
The concept of the problem apparently formulates an abstraction, namely the replacement of the question
I 382
content from the question that first of all opens it up. He means the abstract scheme to which real and truly motivated questions are reduced and under which they can be subsumed. Such a scheme has fallen out of the motivated question context from which it receives the unambiguity of its meaning. It is therefore as unsolvable as any question that has no clear meaning (...).
Concept of problem: [The concept of problem] does not belong to the realm of those "well-meant refutations"(1) in which the truth of the matter is promoted, but to the realm of dialectics as a means of fighting to astonish or embarrass the opponent.
Aristotle: In Aristotle's terms, "problema" refers to those questions that present themselves as an open alternative because there are all sorts of things that speak for both sides and we do not believe we can decide them with reasons because they are too big questions.(2)
Gadamer: So problems are not real questions that arise and thus receive the preliminary sketch of their answers from their genesis of meaning, but are alternatives of meaning (from "to mean") that can only be left standing and can therefore only find a dialectical treatment. This dialectical meaning of "problem" does not actually have its place in philosophy but in rhetoric. It is significant that in the nineteenth century, with the collapse of the immediate tradition of philosophical questioning and the emergence of historicism, the concept of problem has risen to universal validity - a sign that the direct relationship to the factual questions of philosophy no longer exists. >Problem/Neo-Kantianism.


1. Plato, Ep. Vll, 344b.
2. Arist. Top. A 11.

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Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments
The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition.

Gadamer I
Hans-Georg Gadamer
Wahrheit und Methode. Grundzüge einer philosophischen Hermeneutik 7. durchgesehene Auflage Tübingen 1960/2010

Gadamer II
H. G. Gadamer
The Relevance of the Beautiful, London 1986
German Edition:
Die Aktualität des Schönen: Kunst als Spiel, Symbol und Fest Stuttgart 1977


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