Economics Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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| Labour: Labor in political philosophy is the human exertion of physical or mental effort, typically in production or service. It is a central concept in Marxism, liberalism, and feminism. See also Marxism, Feminism, Liberalism, Value theory, Division of Labour, Income, Justice, Inequalities._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
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John Locke on Labour - Dictionary of Arguments
Höffe I 253 Labour/Locke/Höffe: Locke [claims](1) that one acquires property already in its natural state. God had given the earth and all lower living beings to all people together. But in the state of nature there is also a non-collective property, as quasi-divine fiefdom the property of one's own person. Acquisition of property: On the basis of this still pre-economic property, humans can acquire property through activity in the usual, economic understanding. The decisive, property-creating factor is thus work, which is both commanded by God and forced by the needs of humans. Labour: In this theory of labour, "the unquestionable property of the worker"(2), labour, is given two functions. Labour justifies the distinction between mine and yours and, as an economic labour value theory, represents the most important value-creating factor. Origin/Nature: Locke does not deny that the things of nature are common to all. However, he considers two other factors that lie in the human him- or herself to be a far more significant basis of ownership: that the human is master of him- or herself and that he or she is the owner of his or her own person together with the work that this person does. Divine Reasoning/Moralizing Reasoning/Höffe: Locke does not deny the differences in the work assignment. However, he does not point out any differences in physical talent, but names a difference with a moralizing undertone: God gave the initially uncultivated common property - thus not in labour, but again in a divine gift lies Locke's first step of argumentation - to the hard-working and intelligent for use, instead of abandoning them to the whims of troublemakers. However, even the diligent may not acquire as much property as they like, for they are subject to a natural law limit, which of course cannot be so obviously justified by the prohibition of damage (Laws/Locke). >Property/Locke. 1. J. Locke, Second treatise of Government, §§ 27ff. 2. Ibid., § 27_____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
Loc III J. Locke An Essay Concerning Human Understanding Höffe I Otfried Höffe Geschichte des politischen Denkens München 2016 |
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