Economics Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
| |||
|
| |||
| Rules, philosophy: rules are restrictions of a domain of possibilities for subjects, communities or functionaries, or generally for acting individuals or groups. Rules may be implicit or explicit, and may be implemented by ordinance or by jointly developing equally authorized participants, e.g. in a discourse. In another sense, rules can be understood as actual regularities that can be discovered by observation. These rules can be discovered not only in action, but also in the nature of objects such as linguistic structures. See also norms, values, rule following, private language, language rules, discourse, ethics, morality, cognitivism, intuitionism, society, practice._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
| Author | Concept | Summary/Quotes | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Adam Smith on Rules - Dictionary of Arguments
Otteson I 26 Rules/Adam Smith/Otteson: "The rules of justice may be compared to the rules of grammar; the rules of the other virtues, to the rules which critics lay down for the attainment of what is sublime and elegant in composition. The one, are precise, accurate, and indispensable. The other, are loose, vague, and indeterminate, and present us rather With a general idea of the perfection we ought to aim at, than afford us any certain and infallible directions for acquiring it" (TMS(1): 175-6). Otteson: we can now specify the particular elements of Smith's model for understanding the human social institution of morality (…). It has six elements: motivating desire, market, competition, rules developed, resulting "spontaneous order," and objectivity. Otteson: Here is how I believe Smith deploys and understands these Six elements. 1. Motivating desire: whe "desire for mutual sympathy of sentiments," which Smith believes all human beings have by nature. 2. Market: what gets exchanged is our personal sentiments and moral judgments. 3. Competition: Because we all want mutual sympathy of sentiments but we cannot all sympathize with everyone's sentiments, mutual sympathy becomes a sought-after scarce resource. 4. Rules developed: standards of moral judgment and rules determining what Smith calls "propriety" and "merit" - or what we might call virtue and vice, good behavior and bad behavior, and so on. Some of these rules are relatively fixed, like the rules of justice, whereas others, like beneficence, are more variable. 5. Resulting "spontaneous" order: commonly shared standards of morality, moral judgment, manners, and etiquette. 6. Objectivity: the judgment of the impartial spectator, which is constructed inductively on the basis of people's lived experience with others. 1. Smith, Adam (1982) [1759]. The Theory of Moral Sentiments. D. D. Raphael and A. L. Macfie, eds. Liberty Fund._____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
EconSmith I Adam Smith The Theory of Moral Sentiments London 2010 EconSmithV I Vernon L. Smith Rationality in Economics: Constructivist and Ecological Forms Cambridge 2009 Otteson I James R. Otteson The Essential Adam Smith Vancouver: Fraser Institute. 2018 |
||
Authors A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Concepts A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
