Gärdenfors I 181
Verbs/Croft/Gärdenfors: Croft (2001)
(1) Thesis: the role of verbs is described by Croft as a predication.
GärdenforsVsCroft/GärdenforsVsFrege: the concept of predication is too abstract (it goes back to Frege) and does not describe the communicative role of verbs. Moreover, verbs are not adequately characterized by predication, since adjectives also predicate.
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I 182
Verbs/Gärdenfors: have two roles:
1. Describe what has happened or should happen
2. Describe how it happens or should happen.
Thesis on verbs: a verb either refers to the force vector or the result vector - but not to both.
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I 183
Meaning of verbs: a verb cannot mean something.
Solution/Kiparsky: Kiparsky (1997)
(2) Thesis: a verb expresses at most a semantic role, e.g. a topic,...
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I 184
...a direction, a path. Rappaport Hovav and Levin (2010, p. 25)
(3) extend this idea by associating semantic roles with argument and modifier position in an event schema. The verb can then only appear as either an argument or a modifier.
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I 198
Verbs/Gärdenfors: semantic thesis: verbs refer to convex regions of vectors defined by a single semantic domain.
Adjectives, however, refer to convex regions of a single domain.
1. Croft, W. (2001). Radical construction grammar: Syntactic theory in typological perspective. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
2. Kiparsky, P. (1997). Remarks on denominal verbs. In A. Alsina, J. Bresnan, & P. Sells (Eds.), Complex predicates (pp. 473–499). Stanford, CA: Center for the Study of Language and Information.
3. Rappaport Hovav, M., & Levin, B. (2010). Reflections on manner/result complementarity. In M. Rappaport Hovav, D. Doron, & I. Sichel (Eds.), Lexical semantics, syntax, and event structure (pp. 21–38). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
