Lexicon of Arguments

Philosophical and Scientific Issues in Dispute
 
[german]


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Sc. Camps
Theses I
Theses II

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II 306
Inference rule/lambda operator/Grandy/Wiggins:

Rl: if l-((xi1 ... xin) (A ↔ B))

and

when ---- (λxi1 ... λxin) [A] ----, then ---- (λxi1 ... λxin) [B] ----.

Necessary: necessary for predicates.
>Operators.
II 307
Problems: extensionality: Expressions in a Necessary-sentence are open to substitution of identical and existential generalization but there is a problem:
Predicates: E.g. if something was the only ring of Gyges, we do not want to conclude that it was essentially magical.
>Substitution, >Existential Generalization, >Identity.
Solution: relational view of predication: > participation: >Frege: to fall under a concept.

If (λx1) [φX1] and (λx1) [ψx1]

do not designate the same property, but are coextensive, then in extensional contexts one will include(entail) the other.
Which is maintained when the operator (Necessary) is prefixed. - Whereby the theory does not decide whether it is the same property or not.

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