@misc{Lexicon of Arguments, title = {Quotation from: Lexicon of Arguments – Concepts - Ed. Martin Schulz, 28 Mar 2024}, author = {Frith,Chris}, subject = {Prediction}, note = {139 Learning/prediction/prognosis/Frith: thesis: we learn through prediction. The brain uses mistakes in the prediction to make it better next time. >Learning, >Trial-an-Error. Solution: the brain makes two different predictions about my movements: 1. inverse model: which command sequence will generate the motion? The brain must "conclude back" from the output of the motion device to its input. 2. forward model: what movements will occur when a sequence of commands are sent? Test: can only be done by real movement. I 140 N.B.: it does not need a real movement to test whether both predictions are compatible. Brain: the brain can adjust my models (forward and backward) without making a movement. Def Helmholtz Machine/Frith: the Helmholtz Maschine is a machine that can learn in this way: to compare the backward and the forward model without performing the movement already. Forward model: what movement is there when I send this command? Backward model: what commands must have been sent for this movement to occur? N.B.: that happens in sleep. >Dream. Wake-Sleep Algorithm: uses two types of prediction: 1. Recognition: predicts which object will trigger these sensory sensations (backward). 2. Generate: predicts which sensations this object will produce (forward). I 166 Prediction/error/Bayesian Theorem/Frith: what happens if a mistake is noticed in the prediction? >Bayesianism. Backwards: the activity pattern that should be perceived by the eyes, ears, etc.: P (X I A). Mistake: helps us to come to a better understanding of the world. P (A I X): is this new conception (update). Correction: the brain now runs through a loop, in which each time a different activity pattern is predicted. The error is reduced every time. Knowledge: if the error is small enough, the brain "knows" what is outside. However, the brain continues to go through this process incessantly. >Brain, >Brain states, >Brain/Frith, >Knowledge.}, note = { Frith I Chris Frith Making up the Mind: How the Brain Creates Our Mental World, Hoboken/NJ 2007 German Edition: Wie unser Gehirn die Welt erschafft Heidelberg 2013 }, file = {http://philosophy-science-humanities-controversies.com/listview-details.php?id=770247} url = {http://philosophy-science-humanities-controversies.com/listview-details.php?id=770247} }