@misc{Lexicon of Arguments, title = {Quotation from: Lexicon of Arguments – Concepts - Ed. Martin Schulz, 29 Mar 2024}, author = {Boer,Steven E.}, subject = {There is (/Existence)}, note = {I 12 Existence independency/conceptual dependency/non-actuality/"there is"/"exists"/Boer: distinction between "exists" and "there exists": VsNon-Actualism/Boer: this is fixed on shady entities like potential fat men. (Unrealized Possibilities). BoerVsVs: these are overreactions. Solution/Boer: a metaphysical basis for the distinction exist/be without ontological overpopulation. --- I 15 Non-actualism/existence independence/concept dependency/Boer: ... now we construct the quantifiers again referentially. (> Substitutional quantification/Boer) Domain/N.B.: now consists of the class of objects some of which exist and some do not. Be/"There is"/Quantor/Boer: is expressed by "some" E.g. "(Ex)" Actual/exist/existence: by the predicates "exists" and "is actual", symbolized by "E!". (D3) R is an existence-independent relation = It is possible for an existing thing to have the ^relation R to something that is not an existing thing. (D3): now becomes (D3NA) as a definition of existence independence, whereby now the object is no longer presupposed. (D3NA) R is an existential-independent relation = M (Ex) (Ey) (E!(X) & xRy & ~E!(y)). According to (D3NA): and (T1), existence independence contains participation independence, but not vice versa.}, note = { Boer I Steven E. Boer Thought-Contents: On the Ontology of Belief and the Semantics of Belief Attribution (Philosophical Studies Series) New York 2010 Boer II Steven E. Boer Knowing Who Cambridge 1986 }, file = {http://philosophy-science-humanities-controversies.com/listview-details.php?id=754884} url = {http://philosophy-science-humanities-controversies.com/listview-details.php?id=754884} }