@misc{Lexicon of Arguments, title = {Quotation from: Lexicon of Arguments – Concepts - Ed. Martin Schulz, 28 Mar 2024}, author = {Papineau,David}, subject = {Learning}, note = {I 252 Novelty/Learning/Drive/Animal/Papineau: e.g. a drive to register "unusual": the animal must be able to identify something unusual. It would not be good if this instinct would be satisfied every time it performed its function! For in the case of unusual things one should become even more watchful! >Drives, >Experience, >Thinking, >Animals, cf. >Animal language, >Thinking without language. Conclusion: there is no reason to exclude drives which are reinforced by their own fulfillment. But if this is the case, no learning mechanism will be able to use the disappearance of the drive as the source of the reinforcement, especially since this disappearance is not a good substitute for the fulfillment of its function. Rather, the learning mechanism must function with the aid of a different sign so that a behavior is an effective means for the fulfillment of a drive. >Behavior, >Drives. It is not sure if this is actually inherited. >Inheritance, >Heritability.}, note = { Papineau I David Papineau "The Evolution of Means-End Reasoning" in: D. Papineau: The Roots of Reason, Oxford 2003, pp. 83-129 In Der Geist der Tiere, D Perler/M. Wild, Frankfurt/M. 2005 Papineau II David Papineau The antipathetic fallacy and the boundaries of consciousness In Bewusstein, Thomas Metzinger, Paderborn/München/Wien/Zürich 1996 Papineau III D. Papineau Thinking about Consciousness Oxford 2004 }, file = {http://philosophy-science-humanities-controversies.com/listview-details.php?id=472247} url = {http://philosophy-science-humanities-controversies.com/listview-details.php?id=472247} }