@misc{Lexicon of Arguments, title = {Quotation from: Lexicon of Arguments – Concepts - Ed. Martin Schulz, 28 Mar 2024}, author = {Bolzano,Bernard}, subject = {Conditional}, note = {Berka I 8 Conditional/ relationship/Conclusion/Bolzano: for Bolzano follows M, N, O..from A, B, C... only if (1) each (semantic) model of A, B, C ... is also a model of M, N, O .... That is, if each of the final sentences M, N, O, can be deduced separately from the assumptions A, B, C. and (2) the premises are the (s) content-related) reason for the conclusion. Berka: that is a very strong conclusion concept. TarskiVsBolzano: it is enough for him if the first condition is fulfilled. GentzenVsBolzano: for Gentzen it is sufficient if at least one of the final sentences is derivable from the set of premisses. Special case: if the claim quantity contains only one final sentence, the Bolzano's and the Gentzen's inference system are identical. Conclusion/Bolzano: additional condition: one must be able to decide which concepts are logical concepts. --- Berka I 20 f E.g. Entailment/Bolzano: (content-wise): if it is warmer in a place, then there are higher temperatures at the location - in reality, higher temperatures are shown, because it's warmer - the thermometer does not generate the temperatures. I.e. the entailment only exists in one direction: heat > temperature.(1) - different to Deducibility/Bolzano/(s): if the sentence "... higher temperatures" is true, the sentence "it's warmer" is true, and vice versa. Reversible relation of two true sentences. Content is not decisive here - entailment: only in one direction - derivability: goes in both directions, regardless of truth - Entailment/Bolzano: for reason - Derivability/>Mates: formal. 1. B. Bolzano, Wissenschaftslehre, Sulzbach 1837 (gekürzter Nachdruck aus Bd. II S. 113-115, S. 191 – 193; § 155; §162)}, note = { Berka I Karel Berka Lothar Kreiser Logik Texte Berlin 1983 }, file = {http://philosophy-science-humanities-controversies.com/listview-details.php?id=345723} url = {http://philosophy-science-humanities-controversies.com/listview-details.php?id=345723} }