@misc{Lexicon of Arguments,
title = {Quotation from: Lexicon of Arguments – Concepts - Ed. Martin Schulz, 19 Mar 2024},
author = {Simons,Peter M.},
subject = {Essence},
note = {I 258
Essential/Simons: what exists, exists essentially. But it does not exist necessarily.
Solution: assuming that e.g. whatever is a human, must be a human.
Essential/Simons: essential means "relatively necessary". It is essential for Cicero that he exists.
Necessary/Wiggins: necessary should distinguish these cases.
>Necessity/Wiggins, >Necessity de re/Wiggins.
I 261
Trivially essential/Simons: e.g. to be colored if red, e.g. to be self-identical, e.g. to exist, e.g. "to be like that 2 + 2 = 4" is trivially essential.
Essential attributes: essential attributes are no "mere facts" ("brute facts"), but an object has them by virtue of the fact that it belongs to a certain type. It is not accidental for an object of a given type, that it has the characteristics which underlie the type.
>Attributes, >Features/Frege.
I 284
Normal/essential/middle course/Simons: "normal part of a normal thing of a type" is the middle course between simple and essential part. This is often forgotten by philosophers ((s) they take type as the fundamental concept but no formal theory).
Normality: perhaps starting from wellformedness.
Woltersdorff: e.g. music piece, performance.
SimonsVs: this does not work because of transitivity of identity.
>Transitivity, >Identity.},
note = { Simons I P. Simons Parts. A Study in Ontology Oxford New York 1987
},
file = {http://philosophy-science-humanities-controversies.com/listview-details.php?id=284790}
url = {http://philosophy-science-humanities-controversies.com/listview-details.php?id=284790}
}