@misc{Lexicon of Arguments, title = {Quotation from: Lexicon of Arguments – Concepts - Ed. Martin Schulz, 29 Mar 2024}, author = {Stalnaker,Robert}, subject = {Supervenience}, note = {I 10 Supervenience/Stalnaker: supervenience is a conceptual tool for the separation of the purely metaphysical part of a reductionist thesis. A set of facts or properties supervenes on another if possible worlds or possible individuals who are identical in relation to one property, are also necessarily identical in another property. >Equality. I 11 Supervenience is supposed to disconnect semantic from metaphysical questions. >Semantics, >Metaphysics. I 87 Supervenience: supervenience can be a) reductionist and b) non-reductionist. ((s) But in any case semantics is not a variant of reductionism.) I 98f Supervenience: ethics: in ethics supervenience is a relation of natural and judgmental properties. >Ethics. Moore: pro this distinction. Stalnaker: if supervenience distinguishes natural and judgmental properties, it is not a reduction because it does not isolate the metaphysical component of a theory. I 90 Supervenience is sometimes used instead of emergence. I 91 Def weak supervenience: supervenience is weak within a possible world. Def strong supervenience: supervenience is strong within one or in different possible worlds. Global supervenience: supervenience is global if any two possible worlds, which are B-indistinguishable, are also A-indistinguishable. Global supervenience must be improved - like this, it is not even sufficient for weak supervenience. I 93 Supervenience is indistinguishable in terms of a mapping function from one possible world to another. >Possible worlds. I 99 Supervenience: supervenience is contingent. E.g. Lewis: print image of black dots. If we add a few colored dots, two pictures can differ in the global properties without differing in the distribution of the (black) dots. Global property: e.g. symmetry: more general: the same global properties that supervene on the monochrome image on the distribution of dots (e.g. symmetry) are also applied to things other than monochrome print images, and because of this broader applicability, they can not be defined as a global property (e.g. symmetry) through the print image. Supervenience: the properties that we call supervenient are the abstract ones. I 101 SchifferVsSupervenience: as a metaphysical thesis supervenience is mysterious. >Supervenience/Schiffer. I 103 Humean Supervenience/HS/materialism: thesis: laws and causal powers supervene on regularities. Humean Supervenience: Humean supervenience needs criteria for cross world identity. >Cross world identity, >Humean World. I 104 Supervenience: thesis: all facts are facts about current states. The rest is a matter of speech. I 105 Infinite/language/stronger/weaker/supervenience/Stalnaker: an assumed infinite language provides a supervenience that is too weak, because then you can define arbitrary properties.}, note = { Stalnaker I R. Stalnaker Ways a World may be Oxford New York 2003 }, file = {http://philosophy-science-humanities-controversies.com/listview-details.php?id=272026} url = {http://philosophy-science-humanities-controversies.com/listview-details.php?id=272026} }