@misc{Lexicon of Arguments, title = {Quotation from: Lexicon of Arguments – Concepts - Ed. Martin Schulz, 29 Mar 2024}, author = {Fraassen,Bas van}, subject = {Statistics}, note = {I 25f Probabilism/Stochastics/Science/Fraassen: with the probabilistic approach we give up the claim for completeness. Reason: e.g., a predicate P (-m) that applies to something to t, iff P to t + m applies to it: ((s) e.g. "Is bigger in one year") - this predicate has no physical meaning. I 27 Positive correlation/Fraassen: problem: because of the symmetry of the correlation, there is no reason to believe more strongly that smoking causes cancer, or that cancer causes smoking - or that both are caused by a third factor. N.B.: relative to the information that C (the common cause) took place, A and B are statistically independent. I 159 Statistics/Fraassen: statistics is the basis of the probability theory - it has to do with distribution and proportions (in actual but finite) classes of actual things. Infinite classes: are only rare: because of greater security when extended to larger populations - science: philosophical problem: that it cannot do without infinite classes unlike statistics. I 161 18th century: a) probability as a measure of ignorance. b) as a measure of objective quantity.}, note = { Fr I B. van Fraassen The Scientific Image Oxford 1980 }, file = {http://philosophy-science-humanities-controversies.com/listview-details.php?id=269979} url = {http://philosophy-science-humanities-controversies.com/listview-details.php?id=269979} }